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VKORC1 and CYP2C9
CYP2C9, a liver enzyme from the cytochrome P450 family, metabolizes 15–20% of drugs, including anticoagulants, NSAIDs, statins, and antiepileptics. VKORC1 regulates the vitamin K cycle, crucial for blood clotting. Genetic variations in both CYP2C9 and VKORC1 affect warfarin metabolism and dosing, emphasizing the role of pharmacogenetic testing in personalized medicine.