PODN Gene (Podocan): Importance in Genetic Research 2025

The PODN gene, also known as Podocan, is part of the family of genes that encode proteins involved in various biological processes. Specifically, it plays a critical role in the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is a complex network of proteins, sugars, and other components that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells. The ECM is essential for maintaining tissue integrity, as it helps to anchor cells in place, facilitating the formation of organized tissues and organs.

Additionally, the ECM is crucial for cellular communication, as it influences various cellular processes such as migration, differentiation, and wound healing. Irregular activities of the PODN gene can lead to a range of symptoms, particularly related to skeletal and connective tissue disorders.

Common Symptoms of Irregular PODN Gene Activities

Research indicates that PODN may serve as a prognostic biomarker in certain cancers, such as gastric cancer.  However, currently there is limited direct evidence linking PODN gene (Podocan) dysfunction to specific clinical symptoms in humans.

Studies suggest that this protein could function to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration following arterial injury. Moreover, while these findings provide insights into the potential roles of PODN, further research is necessary to determine the exact impact of podocan dysfunction on human health.

What are Genes?

Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins, which perform most life functions. They are essential for biological inheritance and influence traits, health, and susceptibility to diseases. Variations or mutations (change in a DNA sequence) in genes can disrupt normal function and lead to various health issues.

Does PODN Gene Code for Protein?

Yes, the PODN gene does code for a protein. Specifically, it encodes the podocan protein, which is involved in the regulation of the extracellular matrix. This protein is crucial for cellular structure and function, particularly in the kidney and other connective tissues. Additionally, this gene may play a role in regulating other genes, impacting their expression and function within the cellular environment. According to a study shared by the genecards, “this protein could function to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration following arterial injury.”

Important: As the PODN gene (Podocan gene) is not widely recognized in pharmacogenomics, currently a PGx test may not show PODN gene variations. However, as these tests covers a vast range of gene variations, an at-home PGx test by RPh LABS can show you how your body may respond to 250+ medications, including but not limited to ADHD medications, blood thinners such as warfarin, Trileptal for Bipolar Disorder, etc.

Common Signs of Podocan Irregular Working

Currently, there is no direct evidence linking PODN gene (Podocan) dysfunction to specific clinical symptoms in humans. However, studies in mice have provided insights into its potential role:

• Increased Arterial Lesion Formation: Mice lacking the podocan gene exhibited larger arterial lesions following injury compared to normal mice.
• Enhanced Smooth Muscle Cell (SMC) Proliferation and Migration: The absence of podocan led to increased growth and movement of SMCs in these mice.

These findings suggest that podocan may act as a negative regulator, helping to control the growth and movement of smooth muscle cells after arterial injury.

While these animal studies offer valuable insights, further research is necessary to determine the exact impact of podocan dysfunction on human health.

What is PODN Gene Responsible For?

It plays a vital role in various biological processes, particularly in maintaining the health and functionality of our tissues. Here’s a deeper look at its primary responsibilities:

Producing Podocan Protein

The PODN gene is responsible for producing a specific protein known as podocan. This protein is crucial for the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is like a scaffold that provides support to cells, helping them maintain their shape and organization within tissues. Podocan contributes to this structure by interacting with other components of the ECM, ensuring that tissues remain resilient and functional.

When podocan levels are normal, tissues can withstand stress and maintain their proper architecture. However, if the PODN gene is not functioning correctly, it can lead to weakened tissue structures, making them more susceptible to damage and disease.

Facilitating Cellular Adhesion and Communication

Another important function of the PODN gene is its role in cellular adhesion and communication. Cells in our body need to stick together to form tissues, and podocan helps facilitate this adhesion. It acts like a glue that holds cells in place, allowing them to work together effectively. Additionally, podocan is involved in signaling pathways that enable cells to communicate with each other.

This communication is essential for coordinating various biological processes, such as growth, repair, and immune responses. When the PODN gene is not functioning properly, it can disrupt these processes, leading to issues such as impaired healing or abnormal tissue development.

Regulating Cellular Activities in Tissues

The PODN gene also plays a significant role in regulating cellular activities in specific tissues, including the kidney, cartilage, and skin. In the kidneys, for example, podocan is involved in maintaining the function of podocytes, which are specialized cells that help filter blood. Proper regulation of these cells is crucial for kidney health. In cartilage, podocan contributes to the maintenance of cartilage structure and function, which is vital for joint health and mobility.

In the skin, it helps maintain the integrity of connective tissues, influencing skin elasticity and resilience. When the PODN gene is disrupted, it can lead to various health issues, including kidney disease, joint problems, and skin disorders.

Variations in PODN Gene

Variations in the PODN gene can lead to several health conditions, which can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Let’s break down some of these conditions in simple terms to understand how they relate to the PODN gene.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

One of the health conditions associated with variations in the PODN gene is osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), often referred to as “brittle bone disease.” This genetic disorder makes bones fragile and more prone to fractures, even with minimal or no trauma. Imagine a glass that is very thin and can break easily; that’s similar to how bones in someone with OI behave.

The PODN gene’s role in producing podocan protein is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of bones. When there are variations in this gene, it can disrupt the normal formation of bone tissue, leading to the characteristic fragility seen in OI. People with this condition may experience frequent fractures, which can lead to chronic pain and mobility issues.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Another condition linked to variations in the PODN gene is Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). This is a group of connective tissue disorders that affect the skin, joints, and blood vessels. In simpler terms, connective tissues are like the glue that holds our body together, providing support and elasticity.

In EDS, the connective tissues are too stretchy, which can lead to symptoms like overly flexible joints (joint hypermobility) and skin that is very elastic and fragile. This means that people with EDS might be able to bend their fingers back further than most people or have skin that bruises easily. Variations in the PODN gene can disrupt the normal function of connective tissues, leading to these symptoms and making daily activities more challenging.

Kidney Diseases

Variations in the PODN gene can also be associated with kidney diseases, particularly those related to the function of specialized cells called podocytes. Podocytes are essential for filtering blood in the kidneys, helping to remove waste while retaining important substances like proteins. When the PODN gene is not functioning correctly, it can lead to abnormalities in these podocytes, which can impair kidney function.

This can result in conditions such as nephrotic syndrome, where the kidneys leak too much protein into the urine, leading to swelling and other health issues. Essentially, if the PODN gene is not doing its job, it can have serious consequences for kidney health.

Conclusion:

Currently, the PODN gene (Podocan gene) is not widely recognized in pharmacogenomics research like genes such as CYP2C19, CYP2D6, VKORC1, or TPMT. However, some studies suggest that PODN gene variants may be linked to fibrosis, cardiovascular health, and cancer progression (e.g., prostate cancer and colorectal cancer). Nonetheless, a PGx test by RPh LABS can show how your body may respond to 250+ medications – more about pharmacogenomics testing at home along with some FDA labelled drugs that suggest genome-based dosing.